To convert a 10-digit ISBN, prepend 978, and remove the check digit, then compute a new mod-10 weight 3 check digit.
To convert a 12-digit UPC, prepend a 0.
The EAN-13 checkdigit is computed in an unusual way with mod 10 and weight 3. This means the 13-digit EAN numbers are always purely numeric. There is never an X checkdigit as there is sometimes with the mod-10, 10-digit ISBNs.
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