// testing extracted bits for patterns of 0s and 1s. // testing bits for all 0s, no need to shift first. if ( ( x & mask ) == 0 ) // testing bits for any 1s, no need to shift first. if ( ( x & mask ) != 0 ) // testing bits for all 1s, no need to shift first. if ( ( x & mask ) == mask ) // testing bits for a particular pattern. if ( ( x & mask ) == pattern ) // testing if a single bit is 0 if ( ( ( x >>> n ) & 1 ) == 0 ) // testing if a single bit is 1 if ( ( ( x >>> n ) & 1 ) != 0 )